![]() ![]() Episteme (science), which is skill with inferential reasoning (such as proofs, syllogisms, demonstrations).Nous (intelligence), which apprehends fundamental truths (such as definitions, self-evident principles).Righteous indignation in the face of injury SPHERE OF ACTION OR FEELING Modesty in the face of shame or shamelessnessġ1. ![]() Magnificence with great wealth and possessionsġ0. Temperance in the face of pleasure and painģ. Skill or habit by which the mind arrives at truth, affirming what is or denying what is not. In the Nicomachean Ethics he discusses about 11 moral virtues: Moral VirtuesĢ. ![]() Each moral virtue was a mean (see golden mean) between two corresponding vices, one of excess and one of deficiency. The second intellectual virtues (though both are "moral" in the modern sense of the word). He argues that virtue is a "perceptual capacity" to identify how one ought to act, and that all particular virtues are merely "specialized sensitivities" to a range of reasons for acting.Īristotle identifies approximately eighteen virtues that enable a person to perform their human function well. He distinguished virtues pertaining to emotion and desire from those relating to the mind. The first he calls "moral" virtues, and McDowell is a recent defender of this conception. Socrates argued that virtue is knowledge, which suggests that there is really only one virtue. The Stoics concurred, claiming the four cardinal virtues were only aspects of true virtue. There are several lists of particular virtues. ![]()
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